You only have a couple of months to shape the habits your puppy will carry for life: are you taking advantage of this golden period?
Why start basic training from the first days
A dog's adult behavior usually reflects what they learn between 8 and 16 weeks of age. During this brief period, your puppy is especially receptive to assimilating routines, recognizing boundaries, and forming positive associations. For example, a puppy that practices sitting before receiving its food during the first week at home usually repeats that behavior naturally months later.
Starting training early not only helps you avoid problems but also strengthens the bond between you. Short sessions of 5 to 10 minutes, repeated several times a day, are more effective than one long session. This way, learning stays fresh and your puppy doesn't get frustrated. A key detail: use small and varied rewards, like pieces of puppy kibble, to prevent them from losing interest or getting full.
Basic training also facilitates early socialization, helping your dog adapt better to people, environments, and other animals. A puppy that has explored different sounds or taken brief walks on the street before three months old usually shows fewer fears in adulthood. Take advantage of these early days to observe their behavioral signals and adjust the routine according to their energy level. By anticipating their needs, you'll prevent the emergence of unwanted habits.
Preparing the environment and necessary materials
A safe and controlled space makes it easier for your puppy to learn quickly and reduces distractions. Before starting any training routine, set up a quiet area at home where your dog can move safely: a small room, a playpen, or even a corner of the living room, always away from loud noises. Place a washable blanket and some sturdy toys—for example, a rubber ball and a simple chew toy—to encourage positive exploration without overwhelming the area.
For puppy training, the key items are: small rewards (pieces of kibble, no larger than a lentil), a short leash (1.2-1.5 meters), and, if possible, a small non-slip mat. This last detail helps prevent the puppy from slipping when practicing basic commands like "sit" or "stay." Keep the rewards in a closed and accessible container, so you can reward good behavior without delays. Avoid using retractable leashes indoors, as they make it difficult to set clear boundaries.
A clear daily routine also involves having schedules for feeding and resting, separate from training time. Not all puppies respond the same: if you notice yours gets distracted after 3 minutes, reduce the duration and try a different type of reward. Prepare everything before calling them, so they associate your invitation to the activity with a predictable and pleasant environment.
Main basic trainings
Sitting, coming when called, and going to the bathroom in the right place are the pillars of initial training. These exercises facilitate coexistence and reinforce positive communication between you and your puppy. Conduct brief sessions (maximum 5 minutes per exercise) and use small rewards to reinforce each achievement.
Sit: Bring a reward to your puppy's nose and move it up and back; when they sit, say "sit" and reward them instantly. Don't force them, and if they don't respond after three attempts, pause and try again later.
Come when called: Call your puppy by their name and say "come" from nearby, kneeling to encourage them; when they come, reward them with a cheerful voice and a treat. Avoid calling them to scold, so they associate coming to you with something positive.
Bathroom in the right place: Take them to the same spot after eating, sleeping, or every 2-3 hours; when they go, praise them and give a reward. If there are accidents, clean without scolding or drawing attention. Consistency in schedules is key.
Alternate exercises throughout the day to maintain their interest and prevent fatigue. If they get distracted after a minute, end the session and resume later. This way, training is associated with short and positive experiences, promoting learning.
Practical tips and common mistakes
Train your puppy when they are calm, preferably after playing and in an environment without distractions or noise. This way, they will be more receptive, and you can focus better on each session.
Use positive reinforcements adapted to their preferences: try a small piece of cooked chicken, a pat, or a brief play session, and see which motivates them more. Adjust rewards according to the situation to maintain their interest and reinforce the daily routine.
Avoid repeating commands multiple times or punishing mistakes. If your puppy doesn't respond after the first indication, change your approach or end the session. Punishing can create fear and hinder learning; it's more effective to reinforce successes and overlook failures.
Patience is essential: if one day they don't progress or seem distracted, end the session and resume later in another environment. This way, training remains a positive experience for both of you.
Checklist: Key Steps
□ Sit: Bring a reward to your puppy's nose and move it up and back; when they sit, say "sit" and reward them instantly. Don't force them, and if they don't respond after three attempts, pause and try again later. □ Come when called: Call your puppy by their name and say "come" from nearby, kneeling to encourage them; when they come, reward them with a cheerful voice and a treat. Avoid calling them to scold, so they associate coming to you with something positive. □ Bathroom in the right place: Take them to the same spot after eating, sleeping, or every 2-3 hours; when they go, praise them and give a reward. If there are accidents, clean without scolding or drawing attention. Consistency in schedules is key.
Conclusion
In puppy training, consistency and observing small daily progress are what yield lasting results. Establishing a routine and patiently reinforcing the bond with your dog promotes learning and strengthens mutual trust. Remember: each puppy progresses at their own pace; celebrating achievements, even if minimal, motivates and reinforces the process. Maintain a flexible and open attitude to adapt your approach if needed; this joint learning will be the foundation of your future coexistence.